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Definition
A vertebral fracture is a break in the bones of the spine. The bones of the spine are called vertebrae.
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Causes
A vertebral fracture can be caused by: Osteoporosis A blow to the back Falling down Landing on your heels when jumping from a height
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Risk Factors
A risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease or condition.
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Race: White or Asian |
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Sex: Female |
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Advancing age: |
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- Females: 60 and older |
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- Males: 70 and older |
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Being postmenopausal and not taking hormone replacement therapy |
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Stroke Hyperthyroidism |
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Use of certain medications: |
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- Long-acting benzodiazepenes |
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- Tricyclic antidepressants |
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- Antipsychotics |
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- Anticonvulsants |
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- Long-term steroid use |
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Limited physical activity |
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Being housebound |
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Daily intake of alcohol |
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Poor nutrition |
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Smoking |
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Mother or maternal grandmother with hip fracture |
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Poor mental functioning |
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Poor mobility |
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Poor strength |
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Previous vertebral fracture within the last year |
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Osteoporosis |
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Symptoms
Symptoms may include mild to severe pain in the middle or lower back.
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Diagnosis
The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history, and perform a physical exam.
Test may include:
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X-rays of your spine to look for a fracture |
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Bone mineral density test to help determine if you have osteoporosis |
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Treatment
Treatment includes:
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Surgery |
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Vertebroplasty is a relatively new procedure that involves injecting liquid cement into the backbone. It can help relieve the pain associated with vertebral fractures. However, this is not a common operation and not suitable for everyone. Talk with your doctor to see if this treatment option may be right for you. |
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Non-surgical Treatments |
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If you are not a candidate for surgery, your doctor may prescribe: |
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- Bed rest |
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- Medication to control the pain |
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- Strengthening exercises for your back |
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- Back brace |
Treatment for Osteoporosis
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If osteoporosis is the cause of your fracture, your doctor may prescribe the following: |
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Medications for pain — consult with your doctor as to which type Vitamin and mineral supplements,
especially calcium and vitamin D. |
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Lifestyle changes to help strengthen your bones, such as weight-bearing exercise. |
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Prevention
Protecting your bones and building strong bones will help prevent vertebral fractures.
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Get plenty of weight-bearing exercise such as walking. |
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Do exercises to improve your strength and balance. |
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Get plenty of calcium, vitamin D, and protein in your diet. Talk to your doctor if you think you need supplements. |
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Talk to your doctor about hormone replacement therapy. |
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Stop smoking and drink alcohol only in moderation. Moderate alcohol intake is two drinks per day for men and one drink per day for women. |
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Eliminate any obstacles in your house, such as throw rugs or furniture, that could cause you to fall. |
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