Elbow Fractures
Anatomy of an Elbow Fracture
An elbow fracture is a break in one or more of the bones that make up the elbow joint. The bones in the elbow joint include the humerous, (upper arm bone), the ulna, (larger of the lower arm bones) and the radius, (the smaller in bone in the lower arm).
Injuries or Conditions for Elbow Fracture
Elbow fractures can be caused by trauma to the elbow bone which can occur by:
- Falling on an outstretched arm
- Falling directly on the elbow
- Direct blow to the elbow
- Twisting the elbow beyond the elbow's normal range of motion
Some sports are more likely than others to create these circumstances for injury including football, hockey, wrestling and gymnastics. Natural risk factors that can increase the chance of elbow fracture include advancing age, decreased muscle mass, osteoporosis or other bone diseases.
Symptoms
Symptoms of elbow fracture include:
- Pain, sometimes severe
- Numbness in fingers, hands or lower arm
- Decreased range of motion
- A lump or visible deformity over the fracture site
- Tenderness, swelling and bruising around the elbow
Diagnosis
The physician will ask the patient about symptoms and history of injury and will examine the injured area. In addition the tests may include:
- X-Rays to make sure that no bones are broken
- CT Scans to look at the cartilage and tendons around the elbow and at complicated joint fractures.
Treatment
Depending on the severity of the fracture, a cast or splint will be used to hold the bones in place for healing. In severe cases, a metal plate or screws might be surgically implanted to mend the fracture. Healing time typically takes about 8-10 weeks. During that time and after the initial trauma, range of motion exercises may be employed to strengthen the area. Pain medication will be prescribed based on severity and need.
